What characteristic is associated with the term "recalcitrant"?

The term "recalcitrant" is best associated with a marked resistance to authority or control. When someone is described as recalcitrant, it indicates that they are obstinate or uncooperative, especially in the face of demands or expectations set by authority figures. This term captures the essence of defiance and reluctance to conform, highlighting an individual's tendency to oppose direction or instruction rather than embracing compliance.

In contrast, the other options present characteristics that are fundamentally opposite to what being recalcitrant entails. For instance, willingness to comply with authority denotes obedience and agreement, while enthusiasm for collaboration and readiness to embrace change reflect positive engagement and a proactive approach to working with others and adapting to new situations, which run counter to the idea of stubborn resistance inherent in recalcitrance.